Chapter Review

1. The OSI reference model divides network activity into ____________ layers.
2. The purpose of each layer is to provide services to the next _____________ layer and shield the upper layer from the details of how the services are actually implemented.
3. At each layer, the software adds some additional formatting or _________________ to the packet.
4. Each layer on one computer appears to communicate directly with the ___________ layer on another computer.
5. The top, or ___________________, layer handles general network access, flow control, and error recovery.
6. At the sending computer, the _____________________ layer translates data from a format sent down from the application layer.
7. The ________________ layer determines the route from the source to the destination computer.
8. The data-link layer is responsible for sending __________ ___________ from the network layer to the physical layer.
9. The ________________ information in a data frame is used for frame type, routing, and segmentation information.
10. The __________________ layer defines how the cable is attached to the�NIC.
11. Windows NT groups the seven OSI layers into three. The three NT layers are ________ ____________ ___________, ____________ _______________, and ________ _____________.
12. An _________ provides the interface between the Windows NT applications and file system drivers layer.
13. A _________ provides the interface between the Windows NT file system drivers layer and the transport protocols.
14. An _________ provides the interface between the Windows NT, the transport protocols layer, and the NIC drivers.
15. The Project 802 specifications define the way __________ access and transfer data over physical media.
16. The 802 project divided the __________ - __________ layer of the OSI reference model into two sublayers, the Logical Link Control (LLC) layer and the Media Access Control (MAC) layer.
17. The _________ sublayer communicates directly with the NIC and is responsible for delivering error-free data between two computers on the network.
18. The IEEE category __________ covers LAN standards for Ethernet.
19. The IEEE category __________ covers LAN standards for Token Ring.
20. A driver is _______________ that enables a computer to work with a device.
21. NICs work in the _________ sublayer of the __________ -_________ layer of the OSI reference model.
22. NDIS defines an interface for communication between the __________ sublayer and the protocol drivers.
23. NDIS was jointly developed by ___________________ and ____________.
24. ODI works just like NDIS but was developed by ______________ and ________________ for interfacing hardware to their protocols.

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